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- Bitcoin Layer 2 explained: top scaling solutions and best L2 projects . . .
From instant payments to Bitcoin DeFi, Layer 2 technologies reshape Bitcoin for high-speed apps Read our guide to how Bitcoin L2s work and the best projects to follow in 2026, including Lightning Network, Stacks, Merlin, and Liquid
- Aligning an interoperable multi-chain future with ZK
Zero-knowledge (ZK) proofs are a powerful tool for enabling cross-chain interoperability, and have already gained adoption by enabling the proliferation of ZK-rollups Like in other implementations of ZK, the “proof supply chain” begins with proof generation (or “proving”) and ends with proof verification
- Fully Trustless Cross-chain Bitcoin Token Swap via zkBridge
Verify ZK on Bitcoin: Verify the ZK proofs directly on the Bitcoin by using FRI (Fast Reed-Solomon Interactive) style ZK proofs as the final layer of on-chain verification Then we can build the zkBridge when Bitcoin is the receiver chain by using the ZK verifier on Bitcoin
- Design system for layer 2 using ZK rollup
The system architecture of Layer 2 ZK-EVM consists of four primary components: the blockchain node, client, ZK-rollup smart contract, and the Ethereum bridge The Aggregator is responsible for aggregating and compressing user transactions into a single proof, which is then validated by the ZKProver and submitted to the Ethereum network via the
- zkVM for TEEs: Attestation aggregation and TLS verification with RISC . . .
ZK (TEE) RISC Zero allows untrusting entities to verify the correctness of arbitrary computation in a zero-knowledge manner, which gives the zkVM its two properties: privacy and scalability Using RISC Zero’s zkVM, we compress the computation required to verify attestation signatures by verifying only a single aggregated proof on-chain
- How Blockchain Bridges Work: A Comprehensive Explanation
Learn how blockchain bridges work to enable secure cross-chain transfers, wrapped tokens, and interoperability across Ethereum, Solana, and more
- Forward-secure Multi-user Aggregate Signatures based on zk-SNARKs
In this paper, we propose a new forward secure multi-user aggregate signature using zk-SNARK Our new forward secure signature scheme supports all con-stant complexities and a exible aggregation where all restrictions that exist in previous works are eliminated
- zkLink | Settlement Network
Through multi-chain state synchronization, zkLink achieves the equivalent of completing the ZKP verification on all chains Stages of Aggregated ZK-Rollup: Commit: The sequencer submits the zk-proof and transaction batch to the verifier contract on the primary chain
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